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Development Of Business Management Aptitude - 880 Words

For more than 23 years LSC has earned a solid reputation for providing comprehensive and high quality advisory services to certified small, minority, woman-owned, disadvantaged, veteran, 8(a), etc. businesses. Since the firm’s inception, LSC has placed significant emphasis upon helping businesses advance their long term capabilities while simultaneously pursuing current opportunities. During its tenure, the firm has achieved a track record of developing and implementing a vast array of successful business development, support services, technical assistance consulting, and training for protected class businesses. As a MBE, SBE, and DBE firm and an industry leader in the contracting, employment and community awareness compliance arena, the LSC team is intimately aware of the challenges faced by protected class companies as they navigate competing for contracts associated with both public and private sector opportunities. In response to these challenges, LSC has developed and implemented several programs to support certified firms, focusing on the development of business management aptitude, construction skills such as estimating, bidding, negotiations, marketing, human resource and project management skills. Further, we have helped certified firms develop contractor relationships and access Prime contracting and large subcontracting opportunities. Because we understand the need for contractors to develop sound business and project management practices, we have developedShow MoreRelatedA Research Study On Business Expansion And Globalization1611 Words   |  7 PagesBusiness expansion and globalisation has significantly enhanced the market competition as well as demand of customer due to which it became essential for organisations to improve their employees and business performance. 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Seymour Butts Free Essays

Hi my name is Seymour butts. My fathers name is moby dick. My favorite color is black. We will write a custom essay sample on Seymour Butts or any similar topic only for you Order Now My favorite food is pizza. I just got a new fish yesterday. I named him bluey. You want to know why, because he is blue. Today is was cloudy outside but it never rained. That’s a bumer. I rode in a hummer on Sunday. It was cool. I also went to the movies. I haven’t been to the movies in a long time. I went to the beach today. It was wavey. I have a dog named blacky. Because he is black. I come up with unique names. I had chicken stew for dinner tonight. That is my favorite thing to make. I also had a corn muffin with it. I just got done swimming in the pool. I do not have a pool. Fooled you. It is seventy six degrees in my house. That is very cold. It is twenty degrees outside. That is really hot. I cleaned my house today. It was very dirty. It took me all day to clean it. I love to clean the house. I don’t know how it got so dirty. Now the house does not have to be cleaned for another two years. I just dropped a glass plate and it shattered everywhere. Oh well. It was not my plate anyway. Well I hope this essay entertained you. It sure entertained me. All of this is true. That was a lie. I am just kidding. How to cite Seymour Butts, Papers

Effectiveness of Celebrity in Brand Endorsement free essay sample

I receive enormous delight in thanking MKT 619 Instructor for permitting me to carry on work later than accepting my proposal for this project. I would like also like to situation my heartiest thanks to every one staff member of Virtual University for their kind support, guidance and useful suggestions, during my two years MBA with this University. I would like to thanks the Mobilink Indigo Telenor Persona Pakistan to support me during project. I would like to put into words my warm thanks to my parents for their blessings, my collaborator and my friends for their help for doing well completion of this project. Executive Summary This project is all about the primary research about the topic of Effectiveness of celebrity in brand endorsement. This project describes that relationship by making the comparison between the two leading telecommunication companies of Pakistan i. e. Mobilink and Telenor. The package which I selected for my research of these telecommunication companies are Post paid package. For Mobilink I selected Mobilink-Indigo and for Telenor, I selected Telenor-Persona. Moreover these packages are running very effectively and gathered more customers in the country. Both companies are very mature in the telecommunication market sector of Pakistan. The major difference is the customization of the package which is launched by both companies. Mobilink Indigo acquire large market share as compared to Telenor-Persona. Now as far as the Research topic is concerned, the marketing of the both packages is done well by the respective companies. In the advertisement of Mobilink Indigo, Mobilink hired Shan (a leading Pakistani film actor) and in advertisement of Telenor Persona, Telenor hired Sohail Ahmed (a leading actor of TV, film and stage) and Babar Ali (a good film actor). Basically, the post-paid packages are designed for the corporate customers so both the companies portray a business atmosphere in their respective advertisements. A most important factor that the telecommunication companies will decide before launching the advertisement is the choice of the celebrity and the relationship of the personality with the atmosphere of the condition in which the advertisement will be performed. In this research, I first of all describe various factors that affect the relationship of Effectiveness of celebrity with brand endorsement and after that I researched on those factors by filling the questionnaires from the respondents from Lahore, Gujranwala, Sialkot, Gujrat and nearby areas. After gathering the primary data from the respondents and secondary data from other resources like newspapers, catalogues etc a statistical analysis including descriptive statistics and Regression analysis is applied and give the results. As we identify all, that there is a immense competition in their advertisement and this has previously taken the main part of income away. As per market experts nearer or later on there will be a great competition between the two companies as the values wars have go into extremely severe era plus it has become the query of support. Our secondary research includes the quality, branding, corporate social responsibility, atmosphere and the seasonal conditions. While primary research is focused on the Effectiveness of celebrity in brand endorsement in near future 1. 2 Background of the project: Effectiveness of celebrity in brand endorsement is essentially related to my present job and this will lead to do my project. The corporations that are allocating for comparison of usefulness of celebrity in brand endorsement for my final project are Mobilink Pakistan and Telenor Pakistan. These are main cellular corporations authorize the Pakistani citizens with the nearly all relevant message approach and services. This study has appeared on the exploration of Effectiveness of celebrity in brand endorsement which has gained most important market share in Pakistan. 1. 3 Company’s introduction: Mobilink Indigo: [pic] Mobilink, a subordinate of the Orascom Telecom property, is Pakistan’s show the way cellular and Blackberry tune-up provider. In the company of more than 31. 6 million subscribers, Mobilink uphold market management throughout cutting-edge, included expertise, the strongest trademark and the biggest collection of price added services in the business, a broadband delivery service separation providing subsequently creation internet technology as well as the nation’s largest tone of voice and data system with further than eight thousand cell position. Accommodation Pakistan’s largest sharing and contact centre set of connections and an incomparable sixty five thousand kilometers fiber optic spine, Mobilink has previously spend more than US $3. 3 billion in the state to date and provide continuous nationwide connectivity, unmatched client services and worldwide wandering in over one fourth four countries. The company is also the executive cellular associate of the Pakistan Cricket panel. As an accountable corporate civilian, Mobilink also present a range of publicly inclusive products along with services enthusiastic to improve access to in order. Through Mobilink groundwork, the companies support instruction, health and environmental program and encourage sustainable industry practice. Mobilink offers completely designed duty plans that cater to the announcement needs of a varied group of people, from persons to businessmen to business and international. To achieve this goal, we recommend equally postpaid (Indigo) as well as prepaid (JAZZ) way out to our clientele. Compared to our competitors, both the postpaid (Indigo) and prepaid (JAZZ) trademark are the largest trademark of their type in the Pakistan cellular manufacturing. In addition to as long as superior voice message services that create the lives of millions with the purpose of much simple, we also suggest a congregation of value-added-services to our high-quality clientele. All together, Mobilink places far above the ground significance to its coverage, which is why we face you in 10,000 plus towns and city countrywide as well as over 140 nations on international roaming tune-up. In other words, we talk your words, all over. Telenor persona: [pic] Telenor Pakistan is hundred percent hold by Telenor ASA along with ads on to its process in Asia in somebodys company with Thailand, Malaysia and Bangladesh. Telenor Pakistan start on its procedure in March two thousand five as the on its own largest through European asset in Pakistan, location superiority for more overseas investments in the telecom segment The company has fractious many high point and full-fledged in a number of information, create Telenor Pakistan a leading telecom worker of the state. Telenor is the greatest rising mobile system in the country, with coverage accomplishment deep into many of the furthest areas of Pakistan. In the most not easy terrains of the state, from the northern region to the wilderness in the south Telenor, spend heavily in communications growth With USD2 billion by now spend, with extended contract with their wholesaler for network growth and services. Telenor have a set of connections of twenty three company owned deal and service midpoint, more than two hundred franchisees as well as some one lack retail channel. The Telenor cluster is a worldwide provider of far above the ground superiority telecom, data and media message services with mobile procedure in thirteen markets crosswise the Nordic area, Central along with Eastern Europe as well as in Asia. The Telenor Group is in the middle of the biggest mobile operators in the globe with over one forty-three million mobile contributions and a labor force of more or less fourth thousand. Telenor Pakistan is hundred percent be the owner of by Telenor ASA as well as adds on to its action in Asia. 1. 4List of competitors: The main competitors for Mobilink-Indigo and Telenor- Persona are given below: †¢ Ufone-Postpay †¢ Zong-Postpaid †¢ Warid-Zahi 1. 5 Objectives of the project: The Objectives of this project is to make available the Comparison of Effectiveness of celebrity in brand endorsement for the 2 main Telecom companies of Pakistan i. e. Mobilink indigo and Telenor persona. The project will center of attention the following objectives: †¢ To determine customer’s perception about celebrity (Shan) for endorsement of Mobilink Indigo. †¢ To determine customer’s perception about celebrity (Jamal Shah or other) for endorsement of Telenor Persona. To compare customer’s perception about aforementioned celebrities for endorsement of selected brands. 1. 6 Significance of the project: †¢ During my project, I will also cover customer Information survey about their preference of celebrity with brand endorsement between Mobilink Indigo and Telenor Persona.   While this study will provide comparison within two telecommunication companies with an overall picture that will help the marketing managers of these companies to made their ads better and interesting. †¢ The study will help the two companies for the future market placement of their services. Cellular telecommunication companies are now highly competitive industries in Pakistan. Chapter 2: Advertising Strategy 2. 1Marketing Mix The project covers Mobilink indigo and Telenor persona an appropriate marketing mix 4Ps i. e. Product, Coast/Price, Place as well as Promotion. (Product There are various services recommend by both companies. A number of general services are the following: †¢ Internet Services, Common Packet means of communication Services †¢ Small communication Services Caller Line recognition †¢ Tone of voice post †¢ Receiver Book investor Price: Price is the majority necessary feature of the marketing mix. It is the only that generate sales income for an exacting company while recounting their expenses. Both companies bring in a fine cost to its client and persuade the others for control on their set of connections and perform make inquiries consumer’s view on the subject of pricing as well as what they would like to reimburse. The Brand differs time to time and Mobilink and Telenor also suggest on incident base service in the vein of Ramadan tie together, Eid tie together etc. to their end user. (Place: Place anxiety with various systems and forms of accessibility of the Effectiveness of celebrity in brand endorsement throughout diverse franchise and place of work. It composes their services provide for the purchaser’s at any time and where ever they need. Mobilink indigo has a broad system of sharing service in Pakistan. But Telenor persona has not to broad system of sharing as compare to Mobilink indigo and both companies services are available throughout their examine centers situated in all country. Franchises obtain well-situated for vendor to formulate the services obtainable to end users. (Promotion: Promotion means the method of communicate with your customers. Promotion formulates strong client’s buying authority and makes consumers buy choice easier. Mobilink indigo be appropriate heavy price associated with endorsement or publicity merchandise services. Doing well promotion add to deal so that services and other outlay are extend over a superior output. 2. 2Market segmentation strategies Market segmentation strategies are as followed under †¢ Sales dimensions/ No of customers: Mainly the project base on comparison of Effectiveness of celebrity in brand endorsement it also primarily focal point the services of its clientele. The choice of purchaser and the means depends on the volume of clientele in that area. Mobilink indigo subscriber 31. 6 million (Approx) Telenor persona Telecom24. 7 million (Approx) †¢ Geographic Place This is the nearly everyone other most significant feature, equally the companies offered their item for consumption to the entire region of Pakistan. Generally they focus on big Cities i. e. Gujranwala, Karachi, Lahore as well as Islamabad. Punjab Sindh Balochistan Khyber Pakhtonkhan Azad Jammu Kashmir †¢ Physical Limitations Within Pakistan there are no boundary describe to make available the services by both companies. No such condition is stand in services about Effectiveness of celebrity in brand endorsement of this corporation as yet it can go from corner to corner the state edge. †¢ Revenue This feature does not persuade the company marketplace segmentation policy 2. 3Target marketing strategies Mobilink Indigo Every region take account of AJK of Pakistan residents is the goal marketplace, each person in Pakistan desire to make use of mobile that make a wide goal market for the services area. At this time Mobilink indigo has in the order of Fifty million cellular subscribers. Mobilink indigo objective about Effectiveness of celebrity in brand endorsement is to imprison all section of its marketplace , early age kids , youthful, aged, undergraduate , expert, industry peoples, Mobilink indigo has modify selection of all these group of students of consumer. Within Pakistan the majority of the residents are based on middle class so Mobilink indigo is mostly focus aim their services are middle class popular. Following are the target marketing strategies of Mobilink indigo. Decreased value sales There are various diverse packages has been launch to thrust the purchaser to use the invention greatest. These packages also facilitate the client to control from one system to any more. Inducement on usage There are many inducement bring in to use the maximum services for example by calling initial two minutes the after that five minutes are without charge of price. Inducement on control to set of connections To give confidence the client Mobilink indigo as well as Telenor persona obtainable inducement to customers like free of charge minutes and without charge sms for a precise era. Telenor Persona Telenor persona market strategy is to focal point on to increase in number of subscriber through out the world and also focus to develop our leading position in certain regions with a broad range of communication services Following are the target marketing strategies of Telenor persona. To strengthen our location in certain province Telenor Persona try to strength our location in certain province for provide different service to our customer for target market. Focusing on the Customer’s section Focusing on the Customer’s segments means to build packages through extensive and aggressive study skill like because of its large incident as it is one of the establish in services, so they use their effective services and come up with so many packages in that state that is useful for kind of citizens. 2. 4Advertising objectives of the Company The advertising objectives are the following There are less ads being run for Telenor Persona in comparison to the Mobilink indigo. The reason for this is that the main objective is to keep a favorable brand image in the eyes of the corporate clients and there is not too much bombardment of ads. Also the ads are meant to enhance the postpaid users by offering them innovative services like internet, emailing, etc. The objective of Mobilink indigo and Telenor persona to make the services separate from others and to convince on the customers Mobilink indigo increase market share and to push brand favorite and to be a focus for maximum customers as well as to attain the association objective through services 2. 5Message strategy: For each brand and for a number of adverts for these brands there are different message strategies are used. Telenor-Persona The equivalent case is with Telenor, they modify their message executive method regularly to keep away from their customers other public get uninterested. For example Telenor used â€Å"technological proficiency† and â€Å"picture† which helps citizens smile on their visage. 2. 7 Reach, frequency and impact Mobilink indigo and Telenor persona to his most excellent to present their services to their customer and contributor it has a sensible budget for encouragement.

Analyses and Model Forms Computer Sciences Corporation Case Study

Free Essays on Beowulf - Herot The Antagonist

Herot the Antagonist Beowulf was said to be written around the 700’s but was created long before that time. Past down from generation to generation by word of mouth until it was composed in Old English by one of the monasteries in northeast England. The poem itself is based in a time well before the sixth century, with most of its material based on early folk legend. The author of the epic of Beowulf uses characterization to show the world what Grendel was like and possibly his deeper side. â€Å"Grendel†, the name itself sounds evil or at least unfriendly and is perfect for the monster of the story. At the beginning of the story, Grendel is described as â€Å"a powerful monster, living down in the darkness (1).† This starts the very lengthy wording of how evil Grendel is and how much the audience is suppose to not like him. Grendel was â€Å"the demon, the fiend that haunted the moors and lived in hell but on earth (16).† This is eye candy to the mind, which brings life to a character that doesn’t exist except in our heads. Grendels first killing at Herot was merciless act in which he â€Å"snatched up thirty men, smashed them and then took their bodies back to his lair (38).† Grendel sounds truly like a monster until the author takes him down to size with a vivid metal image of the battle that took place. His description of how Beowulf rips off his arm shows that Grendel wasn’t entirely all he was cracked up to be. He had the spell where no mortal weapons could hurt him but apparently wasn’t smart enough to make it where no mortal could hurt him. †¦to the edge of the lake where he’d dragged his corpselike way, doomed and already weary of his vanishing life. The water was bloody, steaming and boiling in horrible pounding waves†¦ (525) Grendels retreat to the lake brings an end to his reign of terror of the people of Herot. The lake represents his passage onto hell and final resting place. There was also a sad side to ... Free Essays on Beowulf - Herot The Antagonist Free Essays on Beowulf - Herot The Antagonist Herot the Antagonist Beowulf was said to be written around the 700’s but was created long before that time. Past down from generation to generation by word of mouth until it was composed in Old English by one of the monasteries in northeast England. The poem itself is based in a time well before the sixth century, with most of its material based on early folk legend. The author of the epic of Beowulf uses characterization to show the world what Grendel was like and possibly his deeper side. â€Å"Grendel†, the name itself sounds evil or at least unfriendly and is perfect for the monster of the story. At the beginning of the story, Grendel is described as â€Å"a powerful monster, living down in the darkness (1).† This starts the very lengthy wording of how evil Grendel is and how much the audience is suppose to not like him. Grendel was â€Å"the demon, the fiend that haunted the moors and lived in hell but on earth (16).† This is eye candy to the mind, which brings life to a character that doesn’t exist except in our heads. Grendels first killing at Herot was merciless act in which he â€Å"snatched up thirty men, smashed them and then took their bodies back to his lair (38).† Grendel sounds truly like a monster until the author takes him down to size with a vivid metal image of the battle that took place. His description of how Beowulf rips off his arm shows that Grendel wasn’t entirely all he was cracked up to be. He had the spell where no mortal weapons could hurt him but apparently wasn’t smart enough to make it where no mortal could hurt him. †¦to the edge of the lake where he’d dragged his corpselike way, doomed and already weary of his vanishing life. The water was bloody, steaming and boiling in horrible pounding waves†¦ (525) Grendels retreat to the lake brings an end to his reign of terror of the people of Herot. The lake represents his passage onto hell and final resting place. There was also a sad side to ...

International law moot Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

International law moot - Essay Example With respect to Rocky, Ruritania might argue that pursuant to the maxim par in parem non habet jurisdictionem (no state has jurisdiction over another) applies in the case of Rocky who is the son of a diplomat.3 This maxim is reflected in 1963 Vienna Convention on Consular Relations to which both Ruritania and Utopia are parties and thus are equally bound. In particular Article 41 of the 1963 Vienna Convention provides that: Consular officers shall not be liable to arrest or detention pending trial, except in the case of a grave crime and pursuant to a decision by the competent judicial authority.4 Rocky has not been implicated in any crime although there are suspicions that he might have attempted to commit a crime. Therefore the gravity of the crime cannot be established as no crime was committed, only the suspicion that a crime may have been contemplated. Therefore pursuant to Article 41(1) of the 1963 convention, Rocky’s arrest and detention pending trial is unlawful. ... It will also be argued that since, Rocky is a family member of an ambassador diplomatic immunity under the 1963 Convention applies to him.6 Utopia’s Response Utopia’s response will rely on the UN Declaration on Friendly Relations which effectively expands state responsibilities under the UN Charter. In this regard, the relevant part of the UN Declaration on Friendly Relations reads as follows: Every State has the duty to refrain from organizing, instigating, assisting or participating in acts of civil strife or terrorist acts in another State or acquiescing in organized activities within its territory directed towards the commission of such acts, when the acts referred to in the present paragraph involve a threat or use of force.7 Utopia will therefore argue that Ruritania essentially sponsored or acquiesced in the terrorist activities of the FAI and in essence supported their activities allowing them to launch a terrorist attack on Utopia from Ruritania. In addition, U topia will rely on the exception to the general prohibition against war as found in Article 51 of the UN Charter. Article 51 provides as follows: Nothing in the present Charter shall impair the inherent right of individual or collective self-defence if an armed attack occurs against a Member of the United Nations, until the Security Council has taken measures necessary to maintain international peace and security. Measures taken by Members in the exercise of this right of self-defence shall be immediately reported to the Security Council and shall not in any way affect the authority and responsibility of the Security Council under the present Charter to take at any time such action as it deems necessary in order to maintain or restore international peace and security.8

How will you Identify, Cultivate, and Thank the Donors at the School Assignment

How will you Identify, Cultivate, and Thank the Donors at the School - Assignment Example The process of fundraising funnel starts with prospecting (Graecht, 2014). My core strategy would be to build the  prospect list. For instance, I would ask my current donors and Board of Directors for referrals. I would like to inquire if they know any people would want to know more about my cause/organization. The podcast specifically mentions that a non-for profit organization should usually look forward to having individual donors and not expect big organizations to take an interest in my cause. I will try to identify individuals that I can connect with and possibly build a relationship. Even if I do not get direct donors by prospecting, but the prospect that I converse with might probably lead me to a major donor. Before asking for direct referrals, I need to build a stable relationship with my current prospects. And it takes a lot of efforts to strengthen this relationship. Not-for-profit organizations do well with regular donors (Graecht, 2014). One does not need to introduce the cause (pitching) and do the fishing every time to get the donations. A lifelong relationship with regular donors is the best way to fund my project. I would like to hold ‘non-ask events’ because they are not intimidating. People are more comfortable in coming to and interacting in these events as compared to direct donation events. But as I’ve already mentioned that the first step is to develop a relationship with a few people. From then onwards I can ask them for referrals or indirectly ask for donations. From the study material, it is clear that hardly anyone gives contribution when directly asked for money (Graecht, 2014). It is a passive strategy, but very effective because the people need to see the cause and the impact that their contributions will make. I would also develop a story for my project.

Business economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business economy - Essay Example This will bring them to the Sainsbury store, aside from the fact that Sainsbury is the only supermarket with all sorts of food and other available product in that area. On the other side there is Oxford Street which has a huge amount of employees and costumer. Again for the same reason people would prefer to shop in Sainsbury store. Two major determinants of demand are at work in this situation: population and absence of related services. First, we expect Sainsbury to have higher demand since the population in the area is large (Fao Corporate). Given that it is the meeting place of two major streets, the location can be conveniently reached by many consumers. Second, the absence of related services provides no rivals for the services given by Sainsbury (Mankiw). This also increases the demand for this particular store. However, the problem with the service is the absence of self-serve cashiers. Given a higher demand for the service, this would mean that people will always have to queue when paying. Queues in this particular store are usually long and given that people have to use their nectar cards, it would take long before they can finish their transactions. This is a lack of service thereby reducing customer convenience. Certainly, inconvenience is one that can possibly drive the demand down. Employees 2. Upon observation, I realized that employees are not skilled enough or properly coordinated. Apparently, the planning and design of the employees' tasks were not properly done, so that when the store gets so busy, the employees fail to help each other, thus the problem of long queues cannot be addressed. Employees were not trained enough to do the tasks of others in case some experience a problem. This makes the operation paralyzed whenever the number of customers increases beyond usual. Size 3. The size of the store is very much important in delivering the service. Given that there is a large population of buyers in this particular store, it is necessary to also expand the floor area. This is a problem with Sainsbury since the area of the store remains small, compared to the number of possible customers. This problem has many possible bad effects. First, a small store area against the number of customers will bring inconvenience to the shoppers. Instead of enjoying their shopping experience, customers might feel it a burden. Second, this prevents the store from maximizing the existing demand for the product. Third, this will be a problem if a competitor builds a bigger store in the future. Sainsbury might find them divested of customers. Part Two In today's retail market, evermore discerning customers are requiring a wider range of goods and services. Increasing competition is putting profit margins under pressure and businesses across the industry must learn to manage objectives and resources professionally, efficiently and effectively. There are many factors and circumstances affecting the industry and as a result retail executives must consider fundamental solutions to their businesses in order to secure success in the market place. In order to achieve this, a large retailer such as Sainsbury's Supermarkets Limited (SSL) must improve customer service and meet customer demands continuously taking into account

Energy Conservation In Commercial Hostel Engineering Essay

Energy Conservation In Commercial Hostel Engineering Essay Electrical energy is the most expensive and the most important form of purchased energy. The subject of energy conservation is a concern for most energy users particularly industries, commercial buildings and residential buildings. Energy Conservation becomes even more important for the developing countries, where the rising energy costs and the use of efficient energy apparatus are of significant concern to the utility. Today, energy and environment are two areas that have sought the greatest attention at the international level. With the issue of global environment, becoming important as never before, Energy particularly its conservation in industry and commercial building has become main target for all the parts of world that has to be achieved as soon as possible. In this paper, the application of the Energy conservation techniques by which electrical energy can be saved and made cost efficient for commercial (hostel) building perspective is presented. The selection of a commerci al (hostel) building was done because electrical energy constitutes only a major amount of the overall energy used. A complete energy conservation guideline is recommended. Electrical energy management approach for tariff control, power factor control, motor schedule control and lighting is outlined. Recorder data of energy consumption of a building service system are used to diagnose the weak points of the building energy usage system and then a detailed energy audit study are presented. Key Words: Energy audit, Energy Conservation, tariff control, motor scheduling 1. INTRODUCTION Electrical energy is the most common and widely used type of energy in the world. It is the most expensive and most important form of purchased energy. For this reason its use must be confined to a minimum for efficient operation. Because of its great flexibility, it offers many advantages over other energy and by doing the efforts to conserve energy can result in significant cost saving. In India, Commercial buildings use large amount of energy that is why, it is important to ensure a loss free and energy efficient system in buildings. In the developing countries where electrical energy resources are scarce and production of electricity is very costly, energy conservation study are of great importance. India is an important stage of rapid development and it has relatively shortage of energy resources. The gap between the power generation and required demand is increasing continuously. Reducing the gap in the generation side is very difficult and more expensive process. The cost of e lectrical energy will be increased due to the installation of new generating plant because of limited energy resources, scarcity of capital and high interest costs. The important way to reduce the gap between demand and supply is energy conservation. Energy conservation is necessary to reduce the increasing global warming. Individuals and organizations should conserve energy in order to decrease the energy costs and increase the economic security. The following two objectives are considered when discussing electrical energy conservation: Energy saving i.e. kWh saving Energy cost saving i.e. money saving 2. LITERTURE REVIEWS Frank kreith, D.Yogi Goswami (2008), have declared that energy is the important factor for production, along with labour, capital, and materials. Energy conservation denotes doing without, maybe giving up facilities to save energy. Due to products diversity and the manufacturing process requirement, the efficient utilization of energy varies with specific industrial operations. The organization of personnel and operations, concerned also varied. Consequently, each company should modify the effective energy management program for its plant operations. There are some universal guidelines, however, for initiating and implementing an energy management program. Many of the large companies have already used energy management programs and also they have realized substantial savings in fuel and electric costs. But in small industries, due to lacking of technical persons and equipment to implement the energy management program is difficult. In these environments, reliance on external consultants may be appropriate to initiate the program. But for successful operation internal is very essential. A well planned, organized, and executed energy Management program requires a strong commitment by top management [8]. Wood.G, Newborough.M (2007), have proposed that the suggestion for motivating energy saving behaviors [9]. Dimoudi.A, Kostarela.P (2009), have shown the energy consumption of Institutional buildings, due to their high number in the country, contribute to a considerable overall amount of energy consumption in public buildings that results in an increase of the expenses paid by the national budget. Thus, investigation of alternative solutions for the reduction of energy consumption in Institutional buildings is advisable and necessary. On the other hand, the pedagogic role of Institutional buildings needs the proper regulation of the parameters that influence the internal conditions in classes, as lack of thermal comfort and air quality conditions reduce the learning ability of pupils. Thus, an energy proficient strategy in school buildings has a dual purpose: energy conservation and enhanced indoor conditions in classrooms. Air quality studies performed at institutional buildings revealed that many of them have serious indoor air quality problems, while improvement of indoor Conditions are associated with considerable reduction in energy consumption and a global environmental quality. Improvement in thermal insulation decreases energy consumption, with the Case of insulation at the support frame having the highest benefits, resulting a reduction in energy consumption by 13.34%. Increase in the thickness of the wall insulation decreases the heating requirements and thus, reduces energy consumption up to 5.58%, a solution that is recommended for new and old no insulated buildings [10] . Guozhong Zheng, Y Ouyin Jing, Hongxia Huang, Guohua Shi, Xutao Zhang (2010), have shown that globally one-third of energy consumption is consumed by building sector. In energy conservation assessment, energy conservation star rating is established and used in the assessment. The objective of building conservation assessment is to establish and limit the maximum energy consumption in buildings and to encourage the utilization of renewable energy and new energy technologies and products [11]. 3. ENERGY AUDIT CONSERVATION As per the Energy Conservation Act 2001, Energy Audit is defined as The verification, monitoring and analysis of use of energy including submission of technical report containing recommendations for improving energy efficiency with cost benefit analysis and an action plan to reduce energy consumption . Energy Audit will help us to identifying the areas where energy wastage can occur and where scopes for improvement exist. To test electrical systems and identify conservation opportunities, the following steps must be carried out: Form Energy Survey team Carry out Preliminary Energy Survey Carry out Detailed Energy Survey The energy survey is the first step in collecting all the relevant data and after which the conservation techniques are to be applied. Data must be obtained for each type of energy used. Also the actual measurements of the various energy devices such as motors, lighting system and ceiling fan etc should be included as part of the energy survey. The energy survey team has the task to explore the potential areas of energy conservation based on the findings of the survey. This could involve energy management with motors, lighting system, tariff control and power factor management, the use of energy efficient devices, the possibility of cogeneration and the use of technical awareness and motivation programs for the industry personnel. How best to manage our energy consumption? We have four steps to manage best energy consumption in any organisation. These are listed as follows: Metering your energy consumption and collecting data Finding opportunities to save energy, and estimating how much energy each opportunity could save Tacking action to target the opportunities to save energy (i.e. tackling the routine waste and replacing or upgrading the inefficient equipment). Typically youd start with the best first Tracking your progress by analyzing your meter data to see how well your energy saving effort work The above four step process applies either way, its entirely up to you whether you consider you consider energy saving measures that involves buying new equipment or upgrading building fabric. In energy audit process we need to collect statistical data and finding the opportunities to save energy. But just finding the opportunities to save energy wont help us to save energy. We have to take action to target them. 3. ELECTRICAL ENERGY CONSERVATION FOR A HOSTEL BUILDING Background: In India, there are many institutes which have the hostel facilities. My institute is one of the best institutes in Haryana state. It has 10 hostels. In this paper energy conservation of one hostel is presented. By similar manner we do energy conservation of other hostel. This hostel was open for student use in 2002. 4. ANALYSIS AND METHODLOGY The objective here is to study and analyze the use of Electrical energy in the hostel building so as to; Determine the energy inputs to the various stages in the process carried out in the industry, thereby arriving at the energy content of the major products, and in particular identifying the process stages for which the largest amount of energy are needed. Decide where the most significant energy savings are possible, quantifying such savings and the cost of achieving them. Assist the industry administration in making recommendations on energy savings and in its policy and plans for energy conservation. A: Reduce fixed charges in Electricity Bill. To analyze the utility electricity bill, the tariff structure was studied. The tariff structure in Haryana state consists of the following charges: Energy (kWh) charges (varies as consumption increases) Fixed charges depend upon maximum demand Fuel adjustment charges (consumption dependant) B: REPLACE INEFFICIENT MOTORS WITH ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTOR AND CHANGE OPERATION SCHEDULE The average operating efficiency of the motor was very low and thus need to replace them with the energy efficient motors could improve energy savings significantly. The energy cost savings by replacing an old motor with an energy efficient motor is given by the following formula S = P*L*C*T (100B 100/A) Where S = Annual savings ($/year) P = kW rating of motor B (old inefficient) =15 kW C = Average Electricity cost ($/kWh) L = load factor (avg) =.80 T = running time (hour year) A = Efficiency of motor A (New EEM) B = Efficiency of motor B (Old inefficient) The efficiency of old motor was 75% and efficiency of new motor is 90%. The motor operate in a day is 7-8 hr. Then total operating period in a year is 2800hr. Total cost saving: Using above formula, the total cost saving is R 26133.33 Total investment cost: The total price of new Energy Efficient motors of the rating given above was to be found to be R 24000. The payback period and return on investment is 11.02 month. Operating schedule suggestion: Motor operate mostly in peak period so operation cost is high. We need to operate in off period it reduce the operation cost. C: Change lighting system. The existing lighting scheme at the hostel building was studied carefully and measurements were taken for each light levels and fixture ratings. A new scheme with consideration to maintain or enhance the existing lighting levels and reduce the kW rating was presented. The existing system of incandescent and mercury lighting was found to be consuming extra energy at the expense of lighting level. It was suggested to increase the light level while at the same time reduce the overall energy consumption. Existing system Proposed system Saving in kWh Incandescent 300 fixtures 100 watt each 1100hr/year Florescent 300 fixture 20 watt each hr/year Calculations: Kilowatt saving: This is calculated by the formula given by = (No. of fixture) [(present input watts/fixture)-(proposed input watt/fixture)] =watt/1000=KW KWh saving: This is calculated by the formula given by = (KW saving)*(annual operating hour) =kWh/year Power Factor Improvement Findings: The average power factor of the hostel varies between 0.85 and 0.87 since its commencement, which was well above the requirement of the SEB. The average power factor of the industry was 0.86 and the Maximum demand reached has been read as 260 KVA from the Load duration curve. The load level reached above the sanctioned demand of 260 KVA on certain short period of time was not considered for the power factor improvement project. So, at the average power factor, the load in KW was found to be 260* 0.86= 223.6 KW. Recommendations: We decided to improve the power factor to an average value of 0.98. The best locations for the capacitors were identified as i) at the sub-station itself to compensate the base load and ii) at the loads supply side as per the KW capacity, So that only when the load is on, the capacitors will be on. Additional capacitors were required to improve the power factor to 0.98. Benefits: For a load of 223.6 KW, the KVA demand at 0.98 power factor is (223.6/0.98) =228.16 Therefore, saving in KVA is (260 -228.16) =31.83 Annual saving in cost due to KVA reduction= $3.75*31.83*12= $1432.65 Cost on additional capacitors @ $35 per KVAR is $(30* 50) =$1500 Payback period (1500/1432.65)* 12= 12.56 say 13 months. Return on investment 1/13= 7.7% per month. Saving Through Peak Shaving As per the norms of the SEB, the maximum demand charges for any month at the point of supply shall be based on the highest KVA demand recorded during any consecutive thirty minutes in that month or 100% of the sanctioned demand, whichever is higher. In addition, for exceeding the sanctioned maximum demand, the charges per exceeded KVA shall be at double the normal rate (say penalty). Findings: The Maximum Demand during the financial years 1995-1996, 1996-1997, 1997-1998 and 1998-1999 has exceeded the Sanctioned Demand in March and April, due to the early summer peak loads, and the production target initiative at the beginning of the financial year. During the EC project period (1998-1999), the peak demand was found to be 2750 KVA. The industry did not want to apply for increased Sanctioned demand since for the rest of the period of 10 months, the load was well within the Sanctioned demand. It was noticed that the available Diesel generators were used only at the time of power-cut and at grid failure cases. Recommendations: The EC team recommended for the use of one 900 KVA Generator at the time of peak loads during 1998-1999 and to transfer the excess loads to the generator supply so as to avoid the excess KVA penalty charges. If critical loads also contribute to facility peaks, consider shifting these loads to generator power during peak periods. In case, if emergency backup power is needed, the remaining two Diesel Generators shall be put in service even during peak periods. Note: For the present project, the concept of Peak shaving was applied only for the loads exceeding the Sanctioned demand and not for all the loads above the base load. Benefits: Considering the peak demand during March-April of the financial year 1998-1999, i.e., 2750 KVA exceeding the Sanctioned demand by 150 KVA for duration of 3 hours/day: SEB Supply: Maximum demand charges payable to SEB/month $3.75 (2750 +2 *150) = $11 437.5. Energy consumption charges/month for a load of 2750 KVA at 0.92 power factor @ $0.0875/kWh is $159 390. Total charges payable/month is $170827.5. Generator Supply for a Load of 150 KVA: Maximum Demand charges $3.75* 2600= $9750. Energy consumption charges/month for the energy fed by SEB for a load of 2600 KVA at 0.92 power factor @ $0.0875 per kWh $150 696. Energy generated by the generator/month @ 3 hours/day for the peaking load of 150 KVA at 0.92 power factor lagging 150*0.92* 3* 30= 12420 kWh. Considering the capital investment, life time, the load factor, the annual operation and maintenance cost, the labour cost, the depreciation and the diesel fuel cost, the average energy cost for the Diesel generator supply is worked out to be $0.19/ kW-hr. Therefore, energy cost for the generator supply is $0.19*12420= $2359.8 and hence total charges incurred/month for the peak shaving option is $162 805.8. The EC team suggested the Board that more saving in energy cost could have been obtained through Renewable energy sources compared to the Diesel generator supply due to reduced generation cost. Net saving by peak shaving per month is $8021.7 and $96 260.4 for the whole year if peak shaving is applied for the entire 12 months @ 3 hours/day. D: Explore cogeneration feasibility: For the cocking purpose in hostel, we require fuel such as coal or LPG (liquid petroleum gas). If we use coal, it is more carbon intensive than oil or natural gas. It produce large amount of carbon dioxide. So, we uses natural gas i.e. LPG but it is more costly than coal. So, this problem we need to setup a goober gas plant in hostel. The input to the goober gas plant is human waste. The gas produce by the plant is used for cocking purpose. It reduces the fuel cost and carbon dioxide emission. 1) Intake tank 2) Mixture of dunk and water 3) Brick walls 4) Metal cover 5) Valve 6) Used sludge 7) Pipe to kitchen 8) Input pipe 9) Brick wall 10) Ground level CONCLUSIONS The analysis and calculation of electrical energy conservation of the glass sheet industry for a developing country were carried out, even though the amount of the electrical energy used was low (1.77%) compared to the gas energy ( 98.23%) provided to the said industry, remarkable energy cost savings were demonstrated and is accounted for some 49.23% of the total annual industry electricity cost. Adapting and following the electrical energy conservation guidelines are recommended for a developing country glass industry. These recommendations if applied to any similar industry in other developing countries may also lead to very reasonable cost savings. Having listed all the different remedies which should be taken to have electrical energy conservation, the implementation and the application of these recommendations is very crucial in the glass industry of developing countries to reach the desired cost savings. Focus should be directed to the demand side management, and the use advanced electronic programmable switching for achieving the desired savings. Gas heat energy is a potential savings even though its cost is less than fossil oils. A developing country which does not possess these raw materials may face higher energy prices in this sector. Therefore, instead, a complete updating, maintenance and the use of energy efficient equipment may reduce energy costs. The limited capital and investment become an obstacle for applying a comprehensive conservation plan in developing countries. Therefore partial solutions if followed may give pronounce energy cost savings. Generally, in a developing country, capital, raw material and the lack of advanced Technology equipment is of a direct relationship to energy cost savings.

Crack’s Effect on New York City Essay -- Illegal Drugs Crack Essays

Crack’s Effect on New York City In the summer of 1985, New York City was introduced to the drug crack. The ensuing seventeen years have culminated into some of the most turbulent, and crime ridden years in the history of New York City. Crack is the street name for a form of cocaine introduced in the mid-1980s. Crack is smoked, rather then sniffed through the nose, or injected, which are all other ways to use cocaine. Users of the drug inhale the vapors that are given off when the crack is heated (Berger pg.20). Crack cannot burn, and in order to give off the drugs vapors it must be heated to a very high temperature. After the crack has been heated the user will proceed to inhale the vapors. The drug will then pass from the lungs to the person’s bloodstream and then reaches the brain, all within seconds. The user will immediately feel the euphoric sensation that crack brings. Crack is the strongest form of cocaine available. A New York state drug prosecutor put it this way, â€Å"Crack is to cocaine what the atom bomb is to TNT† (Berger pg.21). Crack is extremely addictive and users are usually left addicted after just one use. The drug is relatively cheap and a $10 vial is enough for two hits. The drug will eventually become a very expensive habit though. The high that crack gives is very short-lived and the user finds his or herself in a horrible cycle where they will crave the drug over and over. An addicted user will have a habit that will cost any where from $100-$1500 a day. The user will often steal and commit crimes to supplement their habit. The risks of getting hooked on crack are far greater than with other forms of cocaine. Addicts, who used cocaine only occasionally, said that after ... ...Edmondo. Cocaine. University or Arizona Press. 1989 Scott, Peter D. Cocaine Politics. University of California Press. 1991 Trebach, Arnold. The Great Drug War. MacMillen Publishing Co. 1987 Tullis, LaMond. Handbook on research of Illicit Drug Traffic. Greenwood Press 1991 Newspaper articles Barron, James. â€Å"Woman Throws Her Two sons From Fourth Floor†. New York Times. Nov. 28, 1986, Final ed. Sect B. Egan, Tim. â€Å"A Drug Runs its Course, Then Hid with its Users†. New York Times. Sept. 19,1999, Sun. ed. Sect A Kerr, Peter. â€Å"City is Setting Up New drug Squad†. New York Times. May 22,1986, Late ed. Sect A Kerr, Peter. â€Å"Crack Burdening a Justice System†. New York Times. Nov. 24,1986, Late ed. Sect A Lubasch, Arnold H. â€Å"US Breaks up Major Crack Ring in New York†. New York Times. July 31, 1987, Late ed. Sect B

The Assassin Strikes Again

Once there lived a man named Jack. Every day he woke up refreshed and renewed. Jack started the day by having a nice big stretch, and then he did 100 press-ups. He took a cold shower and brushed his teeth with Sensodyne Jack dressed him self in casual clothes and left for work. Jack has a usual profession. He is hired by rich and powerful people to murder the innocent and honest. Jack became an assassin when he was a teenager. During his childhood he had been kind, generous and helpful boy. One day he was walking home with his friends. Jack's friends suggested that they should go through the alley because it was a shortcut home. Jack agreed and so did the others. They walked through the dark, deep and frightening alley, then they saw a gang of bullies in the alley but they decided not to run. It was a bad decision. The biggest bully started straight away on Jack's smallest friend Mark. Jack consumed with anger, picked up a iron bar and whacked it down violently on the bully's head â€Å"Ahhhh† Jack yelled ferociously, the bullies terrified ran away as fast as they could Jack kept on hitting and hitting the bully until he could not move a muscle. His shocked friends knew he had killed him. They ran way in different directions. The police arrived. Jack ran as fast as he could, until he was out of breath, Even now he's still running and running away from the Police. News travelled fast and within months rich and powerful people were begging Jack to kill their enemies. During a few years Jack was responsible for 15 deaths of innocent people. He was there offered one million pounds to murderer a man called Tom Matthews by his former friend Reece Jones. Tom and Reece had been best friends. Tom was a kind, generous and an intelligent man. Tom had a beautiful wife names Angela. They had just got married three months ago; Tom had joined Reece's company shortly before. Every day he dressed in a black suit and went off early in the morning to work. He was on time every day and ready to go. Tom had a poor family back ground and was determined to make best of his chances. Reece had a wealthy back ground and was always wasting money on gambling. He was always late for work, Reece was very jealous of Tom. One day Tom got promoted to Assistant Manager, Reece was so furious he said â€Å"that's it! I will have Tom murdered!† When he finished work, he rushed home to call an assassin and arranged a meeting outside an abandoned house. He gave Tom's details and his picture to Jack. Reece paid à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½100, 000 in advance the rest to follow when the job was done. Jack researched Tom's lifestyle carefully and worked out when Tom would be alone. It was when he went through the junk yard as a shortcut to his home. Jack planned the murder methodically. He would use a rifle with a silencer to shoot him. On May 17th 2004 the plan took action. First he would pretend he was being attacked by a vicious gang He would run up to Tom and beg for his help and say â€Å"I am being attacked by a vicious gang who are trying to murder me.† Tom was driving on the way home from work, feeling tired and sleepy when he was driving through the junk yard, a man rushed in front of his car, Tom stepped as hard as he could on the brake Tom stormed out of his car and asked mysterious man â€Å"Are you Ok† the strange man replied â€Å"no I am not I am being chased by a vicious gang who want to murder me†. The stranger wore a black leather coat and a woollen knitted scarf covering him from the misty fog and cold. The man told Tom he was delivering a package and was shocked when he saw a gang of teenagers brutally murdering an innocent man. Tom went a few steps ahead to see whether he could locate the gang. Jack took out his rifle from his right coat pocket and pointed it at when Tom looked at Jack with astonishment and a fear of death, Jack shot Tom with no hesitation or any mercy the bullet tore through the muscles as it went for the heart of Tom. Tom could see the blood was red As a red paint. Tom could see the blood on Jacks shoes as he fell on to the ground as he was falling he repeatedly asked â€Å"why†, â€Å"why† When he fell on to the ground there was silence. Jack made Tom's murder seem like an accident he put Tom into the car and drove Tom off the cliff. The next day Jack received the full payment from Reece. As Jack was reading the news paper, he saw that Tom's death made the front page. Seeing Tom's wife's picture made him realise that Tom's wife was the girl he loved when he was in school. After thinking for several hours he came up with the decision that he should surrender to the police. The next day he stood in front of the police station thinking should I surrender to the police or not.

Leadership And Change Management In Businesses Commerce Essay

Change is portion of every organisation. Every decennary informants autumn of a great organisation. The ground behind that is they were non ready to take portion in the alteration that was go oning around them ( D. Ambani laminitis, Chairman Reliance Group Ltd ) . Every organisation with different grounds has to take portion in alteration. The ground may differ from increasing market portion, traveling with the competition, altering with the society or can besides be in order to last in the market. Change is something that is a critical, compulsory and requires all direction maps, which are Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing, Co-ordinating, Reporting, and Budgeting ( by Henry Fayol 1937 ) . 1.2: – Why do we necessitate alter direction? It is really of import to reply the inquiry why do we necessitate alter direction? Change direction has attributes rather similar to Organizational Development. Than why is at that place a demand to develop a new profession? Answer is rather realistic as alteration direction is broader than OD in that it includes a broader scope of increasing human resource public presentation, development of information engineering Jelinek & A ; Litterer, 1988 ( hypertext transfer protocol: //ac.aua.am/gohar_grigoryan/Public/Fuller/273.pdf ) . Over the old ages many change direction theories and theoretical accounts have developed out of which there are some popular and widely used theories, there are no peculiar front-runner theories for deploying alteration, and it would surely be agreed that the whole construct is comparatively immature and developing. The whole construct is once more really situational and requires single attack based on the organisation and the alteration it wishes to undergo. But, one of the most popular and widely used alteration direction theory it the McKinsey ‘s 7S theoretical account, which can non merely be used as a alteration direction theory, but besides in instance of analyzing an organisation and its activities. 2. ‘Royal Mail ‘ Introduction 2.1 In Brief Royal Mail letters bestowed with the duty of presenting and roll uping stations from within the United Kingdom is a subordinate of Royal Mail Ltd, which besides manages the POST OFFICE & A ; PARCEL FORCE. Attained its separate individuality in the twelvemonth 1986 ( hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_mail ) , Royal Mail employees the staff up to 121,000, which exceeds the figure of staff in full Royal Mail Group ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8304722.stm ) . The poster industry in United Kingdom was dominated by the Royal Mail, by every bit much as 99 per centum of the local stations being managed by Royal Mail, which since 2005 has been confronting of all time increasing competition. Technological promotion is another external issue the has reduced the possible market size as The Royal Mail posts 9 million less letters than what it used to in the twelvemonth 2005 ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8304722.stm ) , as more and more concern organisations and persons depend upon E-mails and assorted IT based formats to pass on. 3: – The Issues of alteration The direction has been confronting rather serious functional and survival issues in past few old ages. The organisation is non executing good in the profitableness standards, as the figure mentioned below will turn out that the direction has serious functional issues to be sorted out to do the operation more effectual. Ever increasing shortage in its pension financess has made the direction to rethink its bing policies and increase its net income to make full the shortage, and in order to run into the market demand and compete with the challengers on similar evidences the direction has to bring on its operation with modern engineering and do their operations more effectual. 3.1: – Decreasing Net incomes Royal Mail faced serious functional issues, which made its operation suffer losingss up to ?279 million in the fiscal twelvemonth of 2007 ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7417634.stm ) . It faced serious issues associating to its traditional methods of screening and delivering, which were critically evaluated to be the premier cause of its losingss. The direction decided to bring on their premier operations which involved sorting and presenting mails with engineering, in signifier of modernisation policy to do the operation and finally the operation of organisation more profitable. The losingss were so terrible that the proposal was passed in the hosiery of common to sell the major interest of Royal Mail to do privatize its operation ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8426538.stm ) . 3. 2: – Increasing Competent Competition After the liberalisation of UK postal services in the twelvemonth 2005, the competition that royal mail faced were of all time increasing. A really good illustration was confronted to the direction when they lost the contract of 8 million lbs to present the 2nd category mail of Amazon Book a really popular cyberspace shopping site ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6252202.stm ) . The direction found out that most of its rivals used high-tech machinery for screening and administering doing them more efficient and therefore deriving the trusts of the clients, and that they are falling behind as they have non been able to overhaul ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6768983.stm ) . Therefore, 2nd most of import issue necessitating the direction to do critical technological alterations called for a modernisation policy. 3.3: – Decrease in Market Research conducted by the BBC shows that Royal Mail delivers around 75 million stations everyday. It counts to 90 per centum of the UK ‘s market. The figure might look excessive, but is cut downing at an dismaying rate of 10 per centum every twelvemonth. Plus a crisp addition in figure of cyberspace users have reduced the market of Royal Mail, around 70 per centum of places in UK usage Internet and around 87percent of them send electronic mails ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8304722.stm ) . This decrease in the market shows that the direction needs to be really efficient in their operations. 3. 4: – Pension Fund Deficit An estimation from the similar research mentioned above shows that royal mail besides faces serious issues in pension fund shortages, which has amounted around ?8 billion ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8304722.stm ) , These issues forced the direction to travel things otherwise, and to come up with a policy that make their operations more profitable, and the could vouch their endurance and being as UK taking mail administering organisation. 4: – The Modernization Policy of Royal Mail It is really clear, that a stringent policy was required to undertake all the issue ( mentioned supra ) that direction faced and to prolong in long tally, the direction did the exact thing by bordering a modernisation policy, which could be called as a type of procedure alteration by Pull offing alteration and passage Harvard Business Essential. The policy required the direction to bring on extra finance of around 1.2 billion in modern machine. Modern machinery meant that estimated 40,000 employees will free their occupations ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8304722.stm ) , and the policy besides focused on altering the agenda of the employee, to do their labour hr direction more effectual. The purpose of modernisation policy was to undertake and startle Royal mail working against all the above mentioned issues. The inducement of excess finance for machinery would intend that the operation of mail would be more effectual, speedier and able to vie with the increasing and competent competition. The decrease in staff would ensue into cost effectual operations and therefore increasing its net income and ensuing into lessening in its pension fund shortages. 5: – Resistance to the ‘Modernization Policy ‘ The framing of policy was such that would make obvious opposition from the staff/union. The policy execution estimated around 40,000 occupation cuts, which increased to around 63,000 in the twelvemonth 2010 ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8339201.stm ) and could farther increase harmonizing to the CWU ( Communication Workers Union, which represented the Staff of Royal Mail ) . The Union agreed with direction on the staff decrease for endurance, but disagreed on the gait of occupation cuts and the wage rise issues. It would be undue towards the direction if I said that they failed to follow the alteration direction theory, of McKinsey ‘s seven ‘S ‘ . The information shows that they prepared and coordinated all the seven ‘S ‘ within their organisation, including the staff for the alteration they wanted to implement by subscribing a contract in 2007 with the CWU saying their consent to implement the modernisation policy ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7038899.stm ) . 5. 1: – ‘Royal Mail Industrial Dispute ‘ A confrontation and consent with CWU gave a spell to the alteration policy to be implemented, and the execution began in the twelvemonth 2008 all around UK, but when the same reached London, as per the fright of CWU the occupation loss had already reached the outlook as mentioned above and it could no longer digest ignorance of staff over implementing the policy. Demanding a clearer image and direct engagement in the execution of the 2nd stage of the alteration policy the brotherhood showed agitation in the twelvemonth 2009, and presented direction with below mentioned demands and a committedness from direction to be able to successfully implement their demands. Management were neither capable nor wishing to carry through their demand, i.e. Pay rise that would do their wage equal to the national norm ( which would be about 27 % ) . Addition in pensions support and installations ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6252202.stm ) . The demand made by the CWU workers were non merely hideous, but merely non viably for the organisation to follow, ensuing in a series of national degree work stoppage by the CWU interrupting non merely the normal operation of the Royal Mail, but impeding the execution of its policy and badly impacting little concern in the UK ( who still rely on poster and having checks, etc, hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/8277206.stm ) . The work stoppages started from August 2009 ensuing into series of work stoppage boulder clay November 2009, and came on a clasp on history of Christmas ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8345643.stm ) . The impact of work stoppage can non be represented in figure, but the blow was to the public presentation of the companies as the little concern shifted to other courier suppliers to take attention of their mail. 6: – Harmonization between Management and the Union. On 8th March 2010, a study from the BBC conformed that direction of Royal Mail has successfully been able to carry the Union to assist implement the modernisation policy. Demands of Union were cohesively fitting underpinning the benefits of both the stakeholders. Management agreed to give a wage rise of 6.9 % over three old ages and an extra monitory fillip of ?1,400 to all full clip employees. In bends, the Union agreed to utilize the modern engineering in their sorting offices, and cut down their hours from 40 to 39 ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8556487.stm ) . 6. 1: – Too small excessively late The agitation and opposition with the brotherhood was dealt with but, the lone inquiry to be asked here was the trade clip effectual for the direction and the organisation? The national degree work stoppage started in center of 2009 and the common understanding between the direction and the staff was reached following twelvemonth in the month of March 2010. The inability of the direction to come on common evidences with the brotherhood at the very clip of execution can non be overseen. Every alteration has its ain opposition, that is were demand of alteration direction arises, direction has to calculate and happen out ways to undertake all the factors positive or negative to expeditiously implement alteration. 6. 2: – Failure to Manage McKinsey ‘s 7S My position on the Change / Modernization policy adopted by the direction of Royal Mail would be a failure. It certainly adopted with McKinsey ‘s 7S but surely failed to follow/ the theory. They wholly failed to convey the Staff together with all other S. Although the cost of it might be hard for me to turn out but, it is proved from a study by BBC that it hired 30,000 staff from bureau to run into with merely its regular demand in state of affairs of national degree work stoppages ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8339201.stm ) . This should hold increased the cost of Royal mails daily working, and the losingss it might hold incurred non being able to utilize the machinery it had invested ?1.2 billion in. This pandemonium in execution of alteration policy has made me understand that Timely execution of the alteration policy plays a critical function in its success. Royal Mail surely failed in implementing the alteration policy in a timely and efficient mode. 7: – Personal Deduction Every alteration policy has a station mortem study, I would measure the alteration policies execution of Royal Mail as a Failure and a most of import lesson to be taken away by improper execution of this policy is how of import the engagement of staff becomes in effectual execution of the alteration policy, and how an full organisation ‘s growing can be curtailed to failure merely by non being able to clearly facing and affecting one factor into its policy. 7.1: – Decision Effective leading is really of import for an organisation as it provides the vision for the organisation and all its stakeholders. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cipd.co.uk/subjects/corpstrtgy/changemmt/chngmgmt.htm? IsSrchRes=1 ) In instance of Royal Mail the direction clearly failed on below mentioned personally analyzed points It failed to be effectual leaders as they failed to supply the vision to the Union and hence the staff about the effects of the alteration and how many of them will be straight every bit good as indirectly affected by the existent execution of alteration. â€Å" When of all time human communities are forced to set to switching conditions hurting is of all time present † , John P. Kotter Leading Change, 1996, Pg 4, the direction in this instance clearly failed to tag these points and continued to come on alteration until it was met with rough opposition. Failures in pass oning for bargain in by John P. Kotter & A ; Deloitte Consultancy LLC 2002. The direction failed to pass on from bosom about the waies of alteration before get downing the enterprise of alteration. A failure can be associated with all the negatives and the ‘do n't ‘ but in my position these grounds could in brief amount up the alteration procedure / modernisation policy adopted by Royal Mail.

Free Essays on Evidences Of Evolution

Evidences of Evolution Student body, I have written a paper on evolution. I hope you take notice in this article and give evolution a chance. Many of you don’t believe in evolution. Well take this chance to give it another thought. First and foremost, you have to look at structural adaptation and anatomy. There are homologous structures, what they are is structure with the same evolutionary background, but work in different ways today. And example of this would be the forelimb bone of a whale, crocodile, and a bird wing. They look the same but don’t do the same thing. Another trace of evidence is a vestigial structure. This is a body part that has no meaning today, but may have been used in earlier life forms. An example of this would be the eyes of blind mole rats. No mole rat can see, why do they have eyes then? Because an earlier mole rat may have had sight. So this shows that mole rats have evolved. Next is biochemistry. This is where life can only form from life. So this leads to the fact that life has come from life, and if the first life was very small microorganisms, then everything must have evolved from them. Life can’t form of non-living things, so that means this theory must be true. This is big evidence of evolution. This proves that microorganism where the first on the plant, and that we can only evolve off of them, so I believe this is a great supporter of evolution. Following this, there is fossil evidence that leads to evolution. This is for those who say that there were no microorganisms. There are these things called fossils, and they are clues to the past. They show what other organisms once walked the earth. And there are many ways that a fossil can come about. All these fossils show that there are a variety of different ways for and organism to die, which means there is many ways for them to be born, which leads me to this. A variety of organisms mean there are many ways that many organisms c... Free Essays on Evidences Of Evolution Free Essays on Evidences Of Evolution Evidences of Evolution Student body, I have written a paper on evolution. I hope you take notice in this article and give evolution a chance. Many of you don’t believe in evolution. Well take this chance to give it another thought. First and foremost, you have to look at structural adaptation and anatomy. There are homologous structures, what they are is structure with the same evolutionary background, but work in different ways today. And example of this would be the forelimb bone of a whale, crocodile, and a bird wing. They look the same but don’t do the same thing. Another trace of evidence is a vestigial structure. This is a body part that has no meaning today, but may have been used in earlier life forms. An example of this would be the eyes of blind mole rats. No mole rat can see, why do they have eyes then? Because an earlier mole rat may have had sight. So this shows that mole rats have evolved. Next is biochemistry. This is where life can only form from life. So this leads to the fact that life has come from life, and if the first life was very small microorganisms, then everything must have evolved from them. Life can’t form of non-living things, so that means this theory must be true. This is big evidence of evolution. This proves that microorganism where the first on the plant, and that we can only evolve off of them, so I believe this is a great supporter of evolution. Following this, there is fossil evidence that leads to evolution. This is for those who say that there were no microorganisms. There are these things called fossils, and they are clues to the past. They show what other organisms once walked the earth. And there are many ways that a fossil can come about. All these fossils show that there are a variety of different ways for and organism to die, which means there is many ways for them to be born, which leads me to this. A variety of organisms mean there are many ways that many organisms c...

AGU statement and impressions about it Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

AGU statement and impressions about it - Essay Example The Earth’s population has been growing consistently over time, and this has therefore resulted to the increase in human activities causing climate change. These human activities could include factors such as emission of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), nitrogen, and changes in the use of land and land cover among others. These human activities influence climatic changes and it is therefore beyond doubt that they will always continue to be of great concern in the future. In addition to the human-caused climatic changes, other natural activities have also led to the alteration of the climatic conditions. However, the relative role that these natural or human activities play towards altering the ocean circulation features and the atmospheric conditions still remains uncertain. The AGU statement points out that â€Å"climate models have predicted the rise in global temperatures† due to gas emissions (2000). However, quite unfortunately, the Climate models are usually incapable of providing skillful likelihoods of the climatic changes. For this reason, the AGU’s statement is quite misleading when it identifies that factors such as increased amounts of high temperature, experience of high water in the coastal regions, and precipitation, which are harmful to the society, are projected to increase. In addition, the summer arctic sea ice extent, has significantly been wrongfully predicted by the statement, whereas the concept of the increase in the summer Antarctic sea ice extent, has also been neglected by the AGU statement. In addition, the specific attribution of adverse weather conditions as a result of over-time climatic changes is yet to be shown and it could even be more likely impossible that it would be shown. Unfortunately, This Statemen t does not adequately give a clear summary of issues affecting the changes in climatic conditions, and therefore, the statement does not represent an effective policy framework that

Managerial Applications of Technology (Business Intelligence and Assignment - 1

Managerial Applications of Technology (Business Intelligence and Knowledge Management) 2 - Assignment Example The computational power increase enables more data handling, and faster response and resolution of the problems and queries. The two are mere advancements of the field of technology made possible through the business intelligence support system. The impact of these two functions is rapid delivery rates and increased participation of the employees in the working procedures. These three variables work in a complementing manner towards one another. The possible costs of this massive expansion could be the need for establishing maintenance costs. Training the employees to work on the state of the art technology based networks is another constraint. Possible appearance of bug in the network may be another cost and constraint (Levinson, Bell, & Liu, 2011, p. 194). More data nearly always means better decision making. Since it allows clear litmus like test of the performance, achievements and the dates and objectives missed in the quantitative terms. Hence it can be easily advocated for that the data expansion and using business intelligence systems always pays dividends in the form of improved performance, self assessment and better employees understanding (Quintero et.al, 2010). Donovan, F. (2013, Feb 20). Gartner: Microsoft, Oracle, IBM lead BI and analytics market. Retrieved from fierceenterprisecommunications: http://www.fierceenterprisecommunications.com/story/gartner-microsoft-oracle-ibm-lead-bi-and-analytics-market/2013-02-20 Levinson, D., Bell, M., & Liu, H. X. (2011). Network Reliability in Practice: Selected Papers from the Fourth International Symposium on Transportation Network Reliability. Springer Science & Business